206 Clinically Researched
Heart & Body Benefits
Every nutrient in Tikva Heart has a purpose. Our formula combines 33 clinically researched vitamins, minerals, amino acids, antioxidants and superfoods at meaningful levels to support heart health and whole-body wellness.
From blood pressure and cholesterol balance to circulation, energy, and healthy aging, each of Tikva’s 206 documented benefits is tied to published scientific research. While no supplement can replace healthy living, these nutrients have been shown in human clinical trials to play important roles in protecting the heart, supporting energy, and strengthening resilience throughout the body.
📑 Table of Contents
❤️ Heart-First Priority
🫀 Blood Pressure
Supports healthy circulation and vascular relaxation to help maintain normal blood pressure levels.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
Blood pressure is one of the most important markers of heart health. Elevated blood pressure places strain on arteries and the heart over time. Nutrients like Magnesium, Vitamin C, CoQ10, and L-Citrulline help relax blood vessels, support nitric oxide production, and maintain healthy vascular tone.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
1. Magnesium – Helps maintain healthy blood pressure
Meta-analysis of RCTs: magnesium reduced SBP/DBP.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27402922/
2. Vitamin C – Supports healthy blood pressure (esp. in hypertension)
Systematic review/meta-analysis: vitamin C lowered SBP & DBP.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3325833/
3. CoQ10 – Helps maintain normal blood pressure
Dose-response meta-analysis: CoQ10 reduced SBP by ~4.8 mmHg.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9776655/
4. L-Citrulline – Supports NO production & vascular relaxation
Meta-analysis of clinical trials: L-citrulline reduced BP.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6369322/
5. Nitrosigine® (inositol arginine silicate) – Supports endothelial function & blood flow
Human RCT: Nitrosigine® improved vasodilation via FMD.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7041093/
6. Taurine – Helps maintain healthy blood pressure (clinic & 24-h)
RCT in prehypertensives: 1.6 g/day taurine lowered BP.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26781281/
7. Grape Seed Extract – Supports healthy blood pressure
Meta-analysis of RCTs: GSE reduced BP (modest).
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5370781/
8. Pomegranate Extract – Supports healthy blood pressure
2024 meta-analysis of RCTs: pomegranate lowered SBP & DBP.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38410857/
9. Flaxseed – Helps maintain healthy BP (esp. hypertensive)
Double-blind RCT in PAD pts: flaxseed lowered SBP/DBP.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24126178/
10. Alpha-Lipoic Acid – Supports healthy blood pressure
Meta-analysis of clinical trials: ALA reduced SBP & DBP.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10628535/
11. Vitamin D3 – May help maintain BP in vitamin-D-deficient adults with hypertension
2024 meta-analysis: vitamin D reduced SBP (DBP in some subgroups).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38164948/
12. Inositol – Supports healthy BP in metabolic conditions
Meta-analysis of RCTs: inositol decreased SBP & DBP.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34330516/
13. L-Theanine – Helps blunt stress-related rises in blood pressure
Randomized crossover trial: L-theanine attenuated BP increase in high-stress responders.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3518171/
14. Citrus Bergamot – Supports vascular function; helps maintain healthy BP
Placebo-controlled trial: standardized bergamot phytocomplex improved endothelial reactivity (EndoPAT).
https://www.archivesofmedicalscience.com/pdf-163368-93702?filename=93702.pdf
🫀 Coronary & Arterial Health
Supports healthy endothelial function, arterial elasticity, and protection against arterial stiffening and plaque buildup.
ℹ️ Why Coronary & Arterial Health Matters
Your arteries are living, elastic tissue lined by endothelium that regulates blood flow and vascular tone. Loss of endothelial function (often measured by FMD) and elasticity raises blood pressure and cardiovascular risk. Both impaired FMD and increased arterial stiffness (cf-PWV) independently predict future cardiovascular events and mortality—so protecting flexibility and endothelial health really matters.
Hardening of Arteries / Plaque Protection
Evidence-Supported Nutrients49. Vitamin K2 (MK-7) – Improved arterial stiffness and helped slow coronary artery calcification (CAC).
Citations: 3-year double-blind RCT in postmenopausal women improved stiffness; systematic review/meta-analysis of RCTs found VK slowed CAC progression and lowered dp-ucMGP.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25694037/ • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37252246/ (free full text: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10218696
50. Selenium + CoQ10 (synergy) – Reduced cardiovascular mortality and improved cardiac biomarkers with durable benefit.
Citations: Randomized, placebo-controlled trial in older adults; 10–12-year follow-ups showed persistent mortality reduction.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22626835/
51. Pomegranate – Reduced carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and LDL oxidation in carotid stenosis; supportive RCT in moderate-risk adults.
Citations: 3-year randomized trial in carotid stenosis; randomized trial in men/women at moderate CHD risk.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15158307/
52. Flaxseed – Lowered total and LDL cholesterol in clinical trials (anti-atherogenic profile).
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs showed significant TC and LDL-C reductions.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19515737/
53. Chromium (picolinate) – Modestly improved lipid profile (↓TC, ↓TG; HDL ↑; LDL often unchanged) in T2D meta-analysis.
Citations: Meta-analyses in T2D; effects small and not universal—claim limited to overall lipid profile support.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33813266/
54. Inositol (myo- / myo+d-chiro) – Reduced triglycerides, total- and LDL-cholesterol in metabolic conditions.
Citation: Systematic review & meta-analysis of RCTs.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5968598/
55. L-Carnitine – Lowered inflammatory/oxidative stress markers linked to plaque activity in CAD.
Citation: Randomized controlled trial in CAD patients (↓hs-CRP, ↓MPO, ↓nitrotyrosine; ↑antioxidant capacity).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32816578/
56. Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) – Reduced circulating oxidized LDL and LDL oxidative susceptibility in humans (mechanistic support for plaque protection).
Citation: VEAPS randomized trial reported ↓oxLDL and ↓LDL oxidizability; note no CIMT slowing.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12234947/
Endothelial Function & Elasticity
57. Vitamin C + Vitamin E – Improved endothelial function and reduced arterial stiffness in hypertensive adults.
Citation: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial showed C+E increased FMD and lowered PWV/Aix.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17386345/
58. CoQ10 (Ubiquinone) – Significantly improved endothelial function (FMD).
Citations: Meta-analyses of randomized trials found CoQ10 increased FMD.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22088605/ • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38630421
59. Taurine – Improved vascular function and lowered blood pressure in prehypertension.
Citation: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in prehypertensive adults.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26781281/ PubMed
60. Magnesium – Reduced arterial stiffness (PWV) in a human RCT.
Citation: 24-week randomized trial showed lower carotid-femoral PWV vs placebo.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27053384/ PubMed
61. Grape Seed Extract (OPCs) – Improved endothelial function and blood pressure in prehypertensive adults.
Citation: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessing FMD and BP.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31757033/ (free full text: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6950399/
🧬 Cholesterol
Supports healthy lipid balance by helping maintain normal total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglyceride levels.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
High cholesterol and lipid imbalances are leading contributors to cardiovascular risk. It’s not just about LDL alone — protecting cholesterol particles from oxidation and supporting overall lipid metabolism are also key. Nutrients like Citrus Bergamot, Pomegranate, Flaxseed, CoQ10, and Alpha-Lipoic Acid have clinical evidence for maintaining healthy cholesterol profiles and protecting vascular health.
🧬 Overall Cholesterol Balance
Evidence-Supported Nutrients 15. Citrus Bergamot – Helps maintain healthy cholesterol levelsCitation: RCT: Bergamot extract improved lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic adults.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39682955/
(Review of multiple bergamot trials: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6497409/)
16. Pomegranate Extract – Supports healthy cholesterol balance (reduced LDL oxidation, improved lipid profile)
Citation: 3-year RCT: Pomegranate lowered oxidized LDL and improved vascular/lipid markers in carotid stenosis patients.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15158307/
17. Flaxseed – Helps support normal cholesterol levels
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs: flaxseed significantly lowered total cholesterol and LDL-C.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3361740/
(PubMed ref: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19515737/)
18. Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) – Supports healthy cholesterol and triglyceride levels
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs: ALA decreased TC and LDL-C; TG effects varied.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30471524/
19. Coenzyme Q10 (Ubiquinone) – Helps maintain healthy cholesterol balance
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs: CoQ10 decreased TC, LDL-C, TG, and increased HDL-C.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36337001/
20. Vitamin E (d-alpha tocopherol) – Protects LDL cholesterol from oxidation
Citation: Human trial: α-tocopherol decreased LDL susceptibility to oxidation.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7749825/
21. Grape Seed Extract (95% OPCs) – Supports healthy cholesterol and lipid metabolism
Citation: Systematic review/meta-analysis: GSE reduced LDL-C and TG (dose/duration dependent).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32138795/
(Open-access: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7073656/)
22. Chromium (Chromium Picolinate) – Supports normal lipid metabolism (modest effect; stronger in T2DM)
Citation: Meta-analysis in T2DM: chromium reduced TC and TG, increased HDL-C (LDL effects mixed).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33813266/
(Classic RCT: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1002252/)
23. Inositol (Myo-inositol) – Supports healthy cholesterol in metabolic conditions
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs: inositol reduced TC, LDL-C, TG (HDL unchanged).
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5968598/
24. Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) – May support cholesterol regulation in deficiency states (esp. PCOS)
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs in PCOS: vitamin D improved TC, TG, LDL-C (HDL unchanged).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33545752/
(Recent umbrella/meta-analyses: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39389530/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39014475/)
25. Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) – Supports cholesterol balance via antioxidant and LDL-protective effects
Citation: Meta-analysis: ≥500 mg/day vitamin C for ≥4 weeks reduced LDL-C and TG (especially in dyslipidemia).
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2682928/
(Additional: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26164552/)
26. Zinc (Zinc Gluconate) – May support healthy lipid metabolism (especially in deficiency/metabolic disease)
Citation: Systematic review/meta-analysis: zinc reduced TC, LDL-C, and TG (HDL effects varied).
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4523910/
(T2DM-focused: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32451277/)
27. Selenium (Selenium Citrate) – Supports cholesterol metabolism (often studied with CoQ10)
Citation: RCT: Selenium + CoQ10 improved cardiovascular outcomes and redox status, with lipid biomarker improvements in elderly.
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0141641
(Overview: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9363287/)
28. Taurine – Supports healthy lipid metabolism
Citation: RCT: Taurine reduced TG and atherogenic index in overweight/obese adults.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15221507/
(Meta-analysis: Taurine improved TC, TG, LDL-C in metabolic settings.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11099170/)
🔬 ApoB & Non-HDL Cholesterol
Supports reduction of atherogenic particle load beyond LDL-C.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
29. Flaxseed – Reduced ApoB in clinical trials, improving overall atherogenic lipoprotein burden.
Citation: Systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis: flaxseed reduced ApoB, TC, LDL-C, and TG.
https://nutritionandmetabolism.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12986-021-00619-3
🧬 LDL Particle Health (Small Dense LDL)
Supports healthy LDL particle size and helps protect LDL from oxidation, maintaining better cardiovascular balance.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
30. Citrus Bergamot – Helps reduce small dense LDL particles and shift LDL toward larger, less atherogenic forms
Citation: Clinical study: bergamot extract reduced total cholesterol, LDL-C, and shifted LDL particle size toward larger, less dense LDL.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4702027/
31. Pomegranate Extract – Helps protect LDL from oxidation, a key factor in sdLDL atherogenicity
Citation: 3-year RCT in carotid artery stenosis: pomegranate reduced oxidized LDL and improved vascular/lipid markers.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15158307/
32. Vitamin E (d-alpha tocopherol) – Provides antioxidant protection for LDL particles, reducing oxidative susceptibility
Citation: Human trial: α-tocopherol decreased LDL susceptibility to oxidation.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7749825/
33. Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) – Helps protect LDL from oxidative damage and supports normal particle integrity
Citation: Meta-analysis: ≥500 mg/day vitamin C for ≥4 weeks reduced LDL-C and triglycerides, improving antioxidant status.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2682928/
34. Flaxseed (ALA & lignans) – Helps support LDL particle profile and reduce sdLDL in dyslipidemic patients
Citation: RCT: flaxseed oil decreased sdLDL cholesterol at 4 and 12 weeks.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4409715/
35. Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) – Supports LDL particle protection via antioxidant activity
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs: ALA supplementation reduced total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30471524/
36. CoQ10 (Ubiquinone) – Helps maintain LDL particle health and protect against oxidation
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs: CoQ10 decreased TC, LDL-C, TG and increased HDL-C.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36337001/
🛡 Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) Protection
Helps protect LDL particles from oxidative stress, reducing atherogenic risk.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
37. Pomegranate – Reduced oxLDL and carotid IMT in long-term human trial.
Citation: 3-year RCT: pomegranate juice reduced oxidized LDL in carotid artery stenosis patients.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15158307/
38. Vitamin E (d-alpha tocopherol) – Reduced susceptibility of LDL to oxidation.
Citation: Human supplementation trial: α-tocopherol decreased LDL oxidation.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7749825/
🧪 Triglyceride Support
Helps maintain healthy triglyceride levels through lipid metabolism, antioxidant activity, and vascular support.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
39. Citrus Bergamot – Helps maintain healthy triglyceride and cholesterol levels
Citation: RCT: bergamot extract lowered TG, LDL, and TC in hyperlipidemic adults.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39682955/
40. Flaxseed (Powder / Oil / Lignans) – Provides ALA and lignans that support healthy triglyceride metabolism
Citation: Meta-analysis: flaxseed supplementation reduced TG in adults with dyslipidemia and metabolic conditions.
https://nutritionandmetabolism.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12986-021-00619-3
41. CoQ10 (Ubiquinone) – Supports healthy triglyceride and cholesterol balance
Citation: Meta-analysis: CoQ10 supplementation significantly reduced triglycerides.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36337001/
42. Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) – Supports healthy lipid profiles, including triglycerides
Citation: Meta-analysis: ALA supplementation reduced TG, TC, and LDL-C.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30471524/
43. Inositol (Myo-inositol) – Helps support triglyceride and cholesterol metabolism (esp. in metabolic syndrome & PCOS)
Citation: Meta-analysis: inositol supplementation significantly reduced TG, TC, and LDL-C.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5968598/
44. Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) – May help maintain healthy triglyceride levels in deficiency states
Citation: 2024 meta-analysis: vitamin D supplementation lowered TG and improved HDL.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1419747/full
💙 HDL (Good Cholesterol) Support
Helps maintain healthy HDL levels, supporting cholesterol balance and overall cardiovascular health.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
45. Citrus Bergamot – Helps raise HDL while lowering LDL and triglycerides
Citation: RCT: bergamot extract increased HDL-C in hyperlipidemic adults.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39682955/
46. CoQ10 (Ubiquinone) – Helps maintain HDL and overall lipid balance
Citation: Meta-analysis: CoQ10 supplementation increased HDL-C while lowering TG/LDL-C.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36337001/
47. Chromium (Chromium Picolinate) – May support higher HDL in metabolic disease
Citation: Meta-analysis in T2DM: chromium increased HDL-C and reduced TC and TG (LDL mixed).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33813266/
48. Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) – May improve HDL in deficiency/metabolic settings
Citation: 2024 meta-analysis: vitamin D supplementation improved HDL-C and TG in adults.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1419747/full
🌬️ Nitric Oxide, Circulation & Platelet Health
Supports vascular relaxation, healthy blood flow, and balanced platelet activity by enhancing nitric oxide (NO) signaling and maintaining vascular function.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
Nitric oxide (NO) is the body’s natural signal that tells blood vessels to relax and widen. As we age, NO levels decline — leading to stiffer arteries, higher blood pressure, reduced circulation, and symptoms like cold hands and feet. By boosting NO or protecting it from oxidative damage, nutrients such as L-Citrulline, Nitrosigine®, Taurine, and CoQ10help support vascular flexibility, healthy blood flow, and oxygen delivery throughout the body.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
62. Nitrosigine® (inositol arginine silicate) – Supports nitric oxide–mediated vasodilation and healthy circulation
Research / Citation: Randomized, controlled trial: Nitrosigine® (and citrulline malate) improved vasodilation measured by flow-mediated dilation (FMD).
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7041093/
63. L-Citrulline – Boosts nitric oxide availability to promote vasodilation and circulation
Research / Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs: L-citrulline improved endothelial function and lowered aortic BP via increased L-arginine (NO pathway).
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9609406/
64. Taurine – Supports endothelial function and vascular relaxation (NO-linked mechanisms reported in literature)
Research / Citation: Randomized trial in prehypertensive adults: taurine lowered blood pressure and improved vascular parameters.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26781281/
65. CoQ10 (Ubiquinone) – Supports endothelial nitric-oxide–mediated function
Research / Citation: 2024 meta-analysis of RCTs: CoQ10 significantly increased FMD (dose-dependent).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38630421/
66. Pomegranate Extract – Helps maintain endothelial function and blood flow (vasodilation)
Research / Citation: Randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial: pomegranate extract acutely increased blood flow and vessel diameter (brachial artery) in active individuals.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4146683/
67. Grape Seed Extract (OPCs) – Supports vascular function and hemodynamics (antioxidant support of NO pathway; FMD findings are mixed)
Research / Citation: RCT in prehypertensive adults: GSPE improved blood pressure and arterial stiffness indices; FMD unchanged overall.
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/12/2844
68. Vitamin C – Helps preserve NO bioavailability and endothelial function by reducing oxidative stress
Research / Citation: Clinical trial: vitamin C restored NO-mediated flow-dependent dilation in humans, indicating improved NO availability.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9468210/
69. Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) – Supports NO-mediated endothelial function via antioxidant mechanisms
Research / Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs: ALA significantly increased FMD in adults.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33205568/
Platelet Function & Circulation
70. CoQ10 (Ubiquinone) – Reduced platelet aggregation and improved platelet signaling.
Citation: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in dyslipidemic adults showed CoQ10 increased platelet cAMP/PKA signaling and reduced platelet aggregation and granule release.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31512815/ PubMed
71. Grape Seed Extract (OPCs) – Improved platelet function in postmenopausal women.
Citation: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial reported improved platelet function (longer closure time/less aggregability).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17950783/ PubMed
72. Pomegranate (juice/extract) – Reduced platelet activation responses.
Citation: Human study (Am J Clin Nutr) found pomegranate juice consumption decreased platelet aggregation.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10799367/ PubMed
73. Vitamin E (d-alpha-tocopherol) – Helps maintain normal platelet balance by limiting aggregation.
Citation: Human supplementation study showed increased platelet α-tocopherol content correlated with inhibited platelet aggregation via a PKC-dependent mechanism.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8921785/ PubMed
74. Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) – Acutely reduced platelet aggregation and arterial stiffness in healthy men.
Citation: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study showed oral vitamin C reduced ADP-induced platelet aggregation and augmentation index.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10547085/
⚡ Cardiac Rhythm & Electrical Stability
Supports normal cardiac rhythm, healthy electrical signaling, and electrolyte balance.
ℹ️ Why Rhythm & Electrical Stability Matter
Your heart relies on tiny electrical signals to contract in a steady, coordinated way. Nutrient imbalances, oxidative stress, or low mitochondrial energy can disrupt this delicate process. By supporting electrolyte balance, antioxidant protection, and mitochondrial health, key nutrients help promote a steady, reliable heartbeat.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
75. Magnesium (di-magnesium malate) – Essential for cardiac conduction and helps maintain normal rhythm
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs: Magnesium supplementation significantly reduced new-onset atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31687067/
76. Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) – Helps protect cardiac electrical signaling under oxidative stress
Citation: Meta-analysis: Vitamin C supplementation reduced the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27806938/
77. L-Carnitine / Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) – Supports myocardial energy and reduces electrical instability
Citation: RCT: L-carnitine supplementation lowered atrial fibrillation incidence in patients undergoing CABG surgery.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28982550/
78. Taurine – Helps stabilize cell membranes and modulate myocardial excitability
Citation: Pilot clinical trial: Taurine (combined with L-arginine) reduced premature atrial and ventricular contractions.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16797868/
79. CoQ10 (Ubiquinone) – supports mitochondrial energy for myocardium; small RCTs suggest fewer AF episodes in HF RCT in heart failure: Adding CoQ10 to standard therapy reduced new-onset atrial fibrillation over 12 months vs control (6.3% vs 22.2%). Zhao et al., J Investig Med, 2015. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25919281/
80. Flaxseed (ALA) – plant omega-3 (ALA) intake linked with lower risk of fatal arrhythmias
Prospective cohort (Nurses’ Health Study): Higher dietary ALA associated with 38–40% lower risk of sudden cardiac death (an arrhythmic endpoint), not with nonfatal MI. Albert et al., Circulation, 2005. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16301356/81. Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) – deficiency is associated with higher AF risk; one RCT found lower incident AF with supplementation
Randomized trial (FIND, Finland): 5-year vitamin D3 (1,600 or 3,200 IU/day) vs placebo in older adults; post-hoc analysis showed reduced incident AF (HR 0.73 and 0.68). Virtanen et al., Am Heart J, 2023. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37302737/🧬 Homocysteine (Damage to Blood Vessels)
Supports normal homocysteine metabolism to help protect blood vessels and cardiovascular health.
ℹ️ Why Homocysteine Matters
Homocysteine is an amino acid generated during methionine metabolism. When levels are elevated, it can irritate the endothelium, stiffen arteries, and increase cardiovascular risk. Key nutrients act as methyl donors or enzymatic cofactors to help regulate homocysteine and support vascular integrity.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
82. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine HCl) – Cofactor in the transsulfuration pathway that helps convert homocysteine to cysteine.
Citation: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in folate- and riboflavin-replete older adults: low-dose B6 significantly lowered fasting homocysteine. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11273851/ PubMed
83. Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin) – Required cofactor for methionine synthase that remethylates homocysteine to methionine.
Citation: Randomized controlled trial in B12-deficient vegetarian women: oral B12 significantly reduced plasma homocysteine within 2 weeks. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17215186
84. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) – Cofactor for MTHFR; in individuals with the MTHFR 677TT genotype, riboflavin supplementation lowers homocysteine.
Citation: Randomized controlled trial: ~22% homocysteine reduction in MTHFR 677TT adults with 1.6 mg/d riboflavin for 12 weeks. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16380544
85. Betaine (Trimethylglycine) – Alternative methyl donor (via BHMT) that remethylates homocysteine to methionine.
Citation: Randomized trial in adults with mildly elevated homocysteine: 6 g/d betaine for 6 weeks reduced fasting homocysteine and blunted post-methionine increases. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12730412
86. Zinc (Zinc Gluconate) – Zinc is a cofactor for several methylation-related enzymes; in clinical populations, zinc can improve homocysteine status.
Citation: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial in type 2 diabetes with microalbuminuria: 30 mg/d zinc reduced serum homocysteine vs. placebo. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19557297
🩺 Key Metabolic Drivers
🍬 High Glucose (Blood Sugar) Levels & Insulin
Supports healthy fasting glucose, insulin sensitivity, and overall glycemic control.
ℹ️ Why High Glucose & Insulin Balance Matter
Chronically elevated blood sugar and poor insulin sensitivity can damage blood vessels, fuel inflammation, and accelerate cardiovascular disease. Supporting insulin signaling, antioxidant defenses, and glucose metabolism helps maintain healthier fasting glucose, HbA1c, and insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR).
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
87. Chromium (Chromium Picolinate) – Helps maintain healthy fasting glucose and insulin sensitivity.
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs in type 2 diabetes found chromium supplementation reduced fasting blood glucose and improved glycemic control.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32730903/
88. Magnesium (di-magnesium malate) – Supports healthy fasting glucose and insulin sensitivity.
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs showed magnesium supplementation significantly improved fasting glucose and HOMA-IR in adults.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27329332/
89. Inositol (myo-/D-chiro-inositol) – Supports insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance (strongest in PCOS/metabolic syndrome).
Citation: Systematic review/meta-analysis of RCTs found inositol supplementation improved insulin sensitivity and reduced blood glucose.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0261561418311762
90. Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) – Helps support glycemic control under oxidative stress.
Citation: Systematic review/meta-analysis of RCTs found vitamin C supplementation reduced fasting glucose and HbA1c in adults with T2D.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37523928/
91. Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) – May support glycemic control in vitamin-D-deficient adults.
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs showed vitamin D supplementation reduced fasting glucose, HbA1c, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9841647/
92. Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) – Supports insulin sensitivity through antioxidant effects.
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs in metabolic diseases found ALA supplementation significantly reduced fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and HbA1c.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29990473/
93. Taurine – Helps support insulin regulation and insulin sensitivity.
Citation: Randomized controlled trial in adults with type 2 diabetes found taurine supplementation lowered fasting insulin and HOMA-IR.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35870947/
94. Zinc (Zinc Gluconate) – Supports healthy fasting glucose and HbA1c.
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs showed zinc supplementation reduced fasting blood glucose and HbA1c in adults with diabetes.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35946077/
95. Flaxseed (Powder/Whole/Ground) – Helps maintain healthy glycemic markers.
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs found flaxseed supplementation significantly reduced HbA1c in adults with type 2 diabetes.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36640581/
96. L-Carnitine / Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) – Supports insulin sensitivity and glycemic control.
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs found L-carnitine significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR.
https://dmsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13098-024-01415-8
97. Coenzyme Q10 (Ubiquinone) – Helps support glycemic control.
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs found CoQ10 supplementation improved fasting glucose and HbA1c in people with type 2 diabetes.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9358422/
98. Grape Seed Extract (OPCs) – Supports healthy fasting glucose.
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs found grape seed extract supplementation significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31880030/
99. Citrus Bergamot (Bergamot Phytocomplex) – Supports glucose metabolism in metabolic syndrome.
Citation: Double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial found bergamot phytocomplex improved glucose and lipid metabolism and reduced inflammatory markers.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10507770/
🔥 Inflammation & C-Reactive Protein (CRP, IL-6, TNF-α)
Supports the body’s normal inflammatory balance to help maintain cardiovascular and whole-body health.
ℹ️ What is CRP and Why It Matters
CRP is a liver-made protein that rises when systemic inflammation is present. Persistently elevated CRP is linked with higher cardiometabolic risk. Nutrients below have human clinical evidence (RCTs or meta-analyses of RCTs) showing favorable effects on CRP and/or key cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α).
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
105. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) – Meta-analysis of RCTs found vitamin D supplementation reduced hs-CRP(overall pooled effect).Citation: Chen et al., 2014 meta-analysis. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4073144/ PMC 106. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) – Reduced hs-CRP and IL-6 in adults with obesity-related cardiometabolic risk (randomized, controlled trial).
Citation: Ellulu et al., 2015 RCT. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4492638/ PMC 107. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) – Meta-analysis of RCTs showed reductions in CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α in metabolic conditions.
Citation: Akbari et al., 2018 meta-analysis. https://nutritionandmetabolism.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12986-018-0274-y BioMed Central 108. Citrus bergamot (phytocomplex) – Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in metabolic syndrome reported lower hs-CRP and TNF-α vs placebo.
Citation: Fogacci et al., 2023 RCT. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10507770/ 109. Flaxseed (ALA & lignans) – Meta-analysis of RCTs found significant hs-CRP reduction with flaxseed supplementation.
Citation: Koskinen et al., 2024 meta-analysis. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38309011/ 110. Selenium + CoQ10 (combined) – Secondary analysis of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in older adults showed decreases in hs-CRP vs placebo.
Citation: Alehagen et al., 2015 RCT analysis. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0137680 PLOS 111. Zinc (e.g., zinc gluconate) – Meta-analysis of RCTs reported reductions in CRP (and TNF-α) with zinc supplementation.
Citation: Hosseini et al., 2021 meta-analysis. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33333394/ PubMed 112. Vitamin E (α-tocopherol/γ-tocopherol) – Meta-analysis of RCTs showed lower CRP with vitamin E supplementation.
Citation: Saboori et al., 2015 meta-analysis. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25669317/ PubMed 113. Taurine – Randomized clinical trial in obese women demonstrated reduced hs-CRP after taurine supplementation.
Citation: Rosa et al., 2014 RCT. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24065043/ PubMed 114. Magnesium – Meta-analysis of RCTs found significant CRP reduction with oral magnesium.
Citation: Mazidi et al., 2018 meta-analysis. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6040119/ PMC 115. Folate (folic acid; ±B12 synergy in some studies) – Systematic review & meta-analysis of RCTs showed reduced CRP with folic acid supplementation.
Citation: Asbaghi et al., 2021 meta-analysis. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8308638/ PMC 116. Pomegranate (juice/extract) – Randomized, placebo-controlled study in type 2 diabetes showed decreases in hs-CRP and IL-6.
Citation: Sohrab et al., 2014 RCT. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4061642/ PMC 117. Grape seed extract / grape polyphenols (OPCs) – Evidence on CRP is mixed; a meta-analysis of RCTs on grape polyphenol products found small, variable effects on CRP.
Citation: Sarkhosh-Khorasani et al., 2021 meta-analysis. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32921322/
🍷 Liver Health & Detoxification
Supports liver enzyme balance, reduced fat buildup, and antioxidant protection in people with fatty liver and metabolic risk.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
Fatty liver (NAFLD/NASH) is one of the most common liver conditions worldwide, closely tied to cholesterol, blood sugar, and inflammation. Clinical trials show that certain antioxidants and nutrients can improve liver enzymes, reduce fat accumulation, and slow progression.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
100. Vitamin E (d-alpha-tocopherol) – In non-diabetic adults with biopsy-proven NASH, 800 IU/day improved liver histology and reduced ALT compared with placebo (PIVENS trial).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20427778/
101. Coenzyme Q10 (Ubiquinone) – Double-blind RCT in NAFLD: 100 mg/day for 12 weeks reduced liver aminotransferases (AST, GGT) and improved inflammatory markers.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26156412/
102. L-Carnitine (includes ALCAR) – Meta-analysis of RCTs in NAFLD: carnitine supplementation reduced ALT/AST and improved insulin resistance.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31987257/
103. Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) – RCT in obese NAFLD patients: ALA (600 mg/day) reduced inflammatory and oxidative stress markers (↓IL-6, ↑adiponectin) vs placebo.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30585337/
104. Grape Seed Extract (OPCs) – Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in NAFLD: grape seed extract improved liver enzymes and hepatic steatosis.
https://bmccomplementmedtherapies.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12906-024-04477-3
🧘 Whole-Body Resilience
⚡ Energy, Fatigue & Performance
Supports natural energy production, circulation, and endurance by fueling mitochondria and enhancing oxygen delivery.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
Energy depends on two key systems:
-
Mitochondria → the “power plants” turning food into ATP.
-
Nitric oxide (NO) → keeps vessels open to deliver oxygen and nutrients to muscles, heart, and brain.
These nutrients target both pathways to help fight fatigue, boost endurance, and sharpen focus.
🔋 Mitochondrial Energy & Fatigue Reduction
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
118. B-Vitamins (B1, B2, B6, B12) – Randomized, double-blind, crossover trial found B-vitamin supplementation reduced fatigue and improved exercise performance in healthy adults.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10542023/
119. CoQ10 (Ubiquinone) – Systematic review & meta-analysis of RCTs: CoQ10 reduces fatigue symptoms across multiple conditions.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36091835/
120. Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) – Randomized controlled trial in older adults: ALCAR reduced physical and mental fatigue and improved functional status.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17658628/
121. Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) – Double-blind RCT in office workers: a single high-dose IV vitamin C reduced fatigue within 2–24 hours.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22264303/
122. Taurine – Randomized human study: acute taurine improved endurance performance (critical power/time to exhaustion) at severe exercise intensities.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00726-019-02775-6
🌬️ Circulation & Oxygen Delivery (Nitric Oxide Pathway)
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
123. Nitrosigine® (inositol-stabilized arginine silicate) – Randomized, double-blind study: Nitrosigine® increased flow-mediated dilation (FMD), indicating improved NO-mediated vascular function.
https://jissn.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12970-020-00343-y
124. L-Citrulline / Citrulline-Malate – Systematic review & meta-analysis: citrulline-malate enhanced strength-training performance (more repetitions; delayed fatigue) in acute trials.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34010809/
125. Pomegranate Extract – Randomized, placebo-controlled trial in trained cyclists: 14 days of pomegranate extract increased time-to-exhaustion and maximal performance after an endurance load.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6521089/
126. Grape Seed Extract (OPCs) – Randomized trial in elite athletes: chronic GSE improved endurance performance, consistent with vasodilatory/endothelial mechanisms.
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/21/14223
😌 Stress, Cortisol, Oxidative Stress & Mood Support
Helps the body adapt to ongoing stress by supporting cortisol balance, antioxidant defenses, and mood resilience.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
Chronic stress can elevate cortisol, increase oxidative damage, and disrupt neurotransmitters—undermining mood, sleep, energy, and cardiovascular health. Nutrients that buffer stress reactivity (e.g., cortisol responses), enhance antioxidant capacity, and support inhibitory neurotransmission can improve day-to-day resilience and mood stability.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
127. L-Theanine – Promotes relaxation and supports calm mood under stress.
Citation: Randomized, placebo-controlled trial in stressed adults found L-theanine improved stress-related symptoms and cognition.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6836118/
128. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) – Helps regulate cortisol and the acute stress response.
Citation: Randomized trial showed high-dose vitamin C attenuated cortisol and blood-pressure responses to a psychological stressor.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11862365
129. Magnesium – Supports relaxation and a healthy stress/anxiety response.
Citation: Systematic review of RCTs reported magnesium supplementation reduced subjective anxiety in vulnerable groups.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28445426/
130. Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) – Supports neurotransmitter balance (incl. GABA), aiding stress regulation.
Citation: Randomized, placebo-controlled trial found high-dose B6 reduced self-reported anxiety.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35851507
131. Inositol (myo-inositol) – Supports mood/stress response; clinical benefits in panic disorder.
Citation: Double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover RCT showed inositol reduced frequency/severity of panic attacks vs placebo.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7793450
132. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) – May support mood in adults with depression/deficiency.
Citation: Meta-analysis of RCTs reported vitamin D supplementation improved depressive symptoms in patients with syndromal depression.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6515787
133. Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) – Helps counter stress-related fatigue, supporting perceived energy and quality of life.
Citation: Meta-analysis of randomized trials concluded CoQ10 reduces fatigue symptoms.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9449413
134. Grape Seed Extract (OPCs) – Provides antioxidant support and reduced perceived stress in healthy adults.
Citation: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial found lower perceived stress and improved BP with grape seed extract.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7922661
135. Selenium – Supports mood where intake is low, via selenoprotein-linked antioxidant defenses.
Citation: Randomized, placebo-controlled trial showed selenium supplementation improved mood and reduced anxiety in adults.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1873372
136. Zinc – Supports mood regulation; adjunct benefits in depressive symptoms.
Citation: Meta-analysis of randomized trials showed zinc supplementation significantly lowered depressive symptom scores.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32829928/
🧘 Relaxation & Calm Support
Promotes a calm mind and relaxation without drowsiness — complements long-term stress support.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
Chronic tension and racing thoughts can interfere with focus, sleep, and overall well-being. Unlike sedatives, certain nutrients gently support neurotransmitters (like GABA and serotonin) or modulate stress responses to promote calm alertness. Human clinical studies show that these nutrients can reduce stress-related anxiety and promote relaxation without impairing daytime function.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
137. L-Theanine – Promotes relaxation and reduces stress-related tension without sedation.
Citation: Randomized, placebo-controlled trial in healthy adults found 200 mg/day L-theanine improved stress-related symptoms and relaxation.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6836118/
138. Magnesium (di-magnesium malate) – Supports relaxation and balanced mood.
Citation: Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs reported magnesium supplementation improved anxiety symptoms in adults.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28445426/
139. Inositol (Myo-inositol) – Supports calmness and emotional balance in stressful conditions.
Citation: Double-blind RCT showed myo-inositol supplementation improved mood and reduced tension in adults with panic disorder.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7793450/
140. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine HCl) – Supports neurotransmitters (serotonin, GABA) that promote calm.
Citation: Randomized, placebo-controlled trial found high-dose B6 supplementation reduced self-reported stress and anxiety by enhancing inhibitory neurotransmission.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35851507/
🛡️ Immune & Upper Respiratory Support
Supports healthy immune defenses and upper respiratory function through essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
Your immune system is your frontline defense. It relies on nutrients like vitamin C, vitamin D3, zinc, and selenium to help immune cells respond effectively. High-quality trials show benefits such as shorter cold duration or lower risk of acute respiratory infections with appropriate use and dosing.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
141. Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) – Regular supplementation reduces common cold duration in randomized trials/meta-analysis (adults and children).
Citation: Cochrane review of RCTs. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23440782/
142. Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) – Supplementation reduces risk of acute respiratory infections, with the largest benefit in those who are deficient and with daily/weekly (not bolus) dosing.
Citation: Individual participant data meta-analysis of 25 RCTs. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28202713/
143. Zinc (Lozenges; e.g., zinc acetate/gluconate) – When started early and at adequate lozenge doses, shortens common cold duration in randomized trials.
Citation: Meta-analysis of zinc lozenge RCTs. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5418896/
144. Vitamin E (d-alpha tocopherol) – In elderly nursing-home residents, daily vitamin E reduced the proportion who acquired at least one upper respiratory infection during a 1-year RCT (overall infection days not reduced).
Citation: Randomized controlled trial. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15315997/
145. Selenium (Selenium citrate/yeast; form varies by study) – In adults with marginal selenium status, supplementation modulated immune responses to influenza vaccination in a randomized controlled trial.
Citation: Randomized controlled trial. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21445287/
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.1026343/full
🦴💪 Muscles & Bones
Supports strong bones, flexible joints, and healthy muscle performance by delivering key structural nutrients and cofactors.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
Your bones and muscles work together to keep you moving, balanced, and independent. As we age, bone density naturally declines and muscles recover more slowly. Key nutrients like Vitamin D3, Vitamin K2, Magnesium, and Boron guide calcium into bones, strengthen connective tissue, and regulate the contraction and relaxation of muscles—including the heart. With the right nutritional support, you can maintain bone strength, support mobility, and power healthy muscle function at every stage of life.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
148. Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) – Increased fractional calcium absorption in a randomized, double-blind trial of postmenopausal women.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24335055/
149. Vitamin K2 (MK-7) – In a 3-year randomized, double-blind trial, low-dose MK-7 reduced age-related decline in BMD and bone strength in postmenopausal women.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23525894/
150. Magnesium (as magnesium oxide in trials) – Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in healthy girls showed greater hip bone mineral content accrual with magnesium supplementation.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17018656/
151. Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) – Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in prefrail older adultsimproved handgrip strength and frailty status.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27895474/
152. Betaine (Trimethylglycine) – Randomized, placebo-controlled trial (15 days) in active men improved muscle endurance/power performance.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2651845/
153. L-Citrulline Malate – Systematic review & meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind trials found a small but significant increase in repetitions to failure during strength training.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34010809/
154. L-Taurine – Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial in elite speed skaters showed higher anaerobic power vs. placebo.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37398976/
155. Nitrosigine® (Inositol-Arginine Silicate) – Double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study found reduced exercise-induced muscle damage and improved perceived recovery/energy with 1,500 mg/day.
https://mail.journalofexerciseandnutrition.com/index.php/JEN/article/download/141/134/592
🧠 Brain & Cognitive Health
Supports memory, focus, mental clarity, and long-term brain function through circulation, mitochondrial energy, and antioxidant protection.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
Your brain is an energy-hungry organ (≈20% of your body’s oxygen and nutrients). Cognitive performance depends on:
-
Circulation (blood flow & oxygen delivery)
-
Mitochondrial energy (ATP)
-
Neurotransmitter balance & antioxidant protection
Tikva Heart’s nutrients target these pathways to help maintain sharp memory, focus, and long-term brain health.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
156. Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) – Meta-analysis of double-blind RCTs in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild Alzheimer’s found benefits on clinical scales and psychometric tests.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12598816/
157. CoQ10 (Ubiquinone) – In early Parkinson’s disease, a randomized trial found high-dose CoQ10 slowed functional decline vs. placebo.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12374491/
158. B-Vitamins (B6, B12, Folate) – VITACOG randomized trial: homocysteine-lowering B-vitamins slowed brain atrophy and reduced cognitive/clinical decline in older adults with MCI (effects strongest with higher baseline homocysteine).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21780182/
159. Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) – Systematic review & meta-analysis of randomized trials: vitamin D supplementation improved global cognition and/or specific domains in adults (benefits most evident in deficiency).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37418225/
160. Vitamin E (d-alpha-tocopherol) – TEAM-AD randomized trial: 2,000 IU/day slowed functional decline in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s vs. placebo.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24381967/
161. L-Theanine – Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study: improved attention/working memory performance in middle-aged and older adults.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33751906/
162. Grape Seed Extract (OPC-rich Vitis vinifera extract) – Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (Cognigrape®): improved cognitive performance and neuropsychological status in healthy older adults.
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2017.00776/full
163. Pomegranate (Juice/Polyphenols) – Randomized, placebo-controlled trial: improved verbal memory and increased task-related fMRI activity in older adults with memory complaints.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3736548/
164. Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) – Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial: 1,000 mg/day for 4 weeks improved attentional focus and performance on sustained-attention tasks (mental vitality).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34476568/
🌫️ Brain Fog & Forgetfulness
Helps clear mental fog, improve focus, and support sharper short-term memory through better circulation, mitochondrial energy, and neurotransmitter balance.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
Brain fog and forgetfulness are often linked to poor circulation, low cellular energy, and oxidative stress in the brain. Clinical studies show certain nutrients can improve attention, focus, working memory, and mental clarity, helping you feel sharper and more alert day to day.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
165. L-Theanine – Double-blind, placebo-controlled study: supplementation improved attention and working memory performance in middle-aged and older adults.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33751906/
166. Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) – Meta-analysis of double-blind RCTs in MCI/mild AD found significant benefits on clinical scales and psychometric tests (memory/attention) over 3–12 months (1.5–3 g/day).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12598816/
167. Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) – Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial: 1,000 mg/day for 4 weeks improved attentional focus and sustained mental vitality.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34476568/
168. Grape Seed Extract (Cognigrape® OPCs) – Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in healthy older adults: supplementation improved working memory and attention.
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2017.00776/full
169. Pomegranate (Juice/Polyphenols) – Randomized, placebo-controlled trial: daily pomegranate juice improved verbal memory and increased task-related fMRI activity in adults with memory complaints.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3736548/
🌿 Healthy Aging
Supports vitality, resilience, and independence in older adults through muscle strength, fall prevention, cognitive protection, and energy support.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
Aging can bring challenges like fatigue, frailty, cognitive decline, and falls. But targeted nutrients have been shown in clinical studies to help maintain resilience, strength, and vitality — supporting a healthier, more independent aging process.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
170. Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) – Strongest evidence for reducing falls and fractures in older adults. Meta-analyses of RCTs show daily or weekly vitamin D significantly reduces fall risk, particularly in the deficient elderly.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36034418/
171. Magnesium – Prospective cohort study in older women: higher magnesium intake was linked to lower frailty incidence over time.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38845194/
172. B-Vitamins (B6, B12, Folate) – The VITACOG randomized trial: high-dose B vitamins slowed brain atrophy and cognitive decline in older adults with MCI and elevated homocysteine, supporting resilience and independence.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21780182/
173. Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) – In prefrail or frail older adults, supplementation improved handgrip strength and frailty scores in randomized controlled trials.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27895474/
174. CoQ10 (Ubiquinone) – Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials: CoQ10 reduces fatigue in adults, relevant to maintaining vitality and energy with age.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36091835/
👁️ Eye Health & Vision Support
Supports retinal health and visual function via antioxidant defense and microvascular support.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
The retina is highly metabolic and vulnerable to oxidative stress. Large randomized trials (AREDS) show that specific antioxidant + zinc combinations can slow progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), while other nutrients have clinical evidence in defined eye conditions.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
175. AREDS combo (Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Zinc + Copper) – In people at high risk for AMD progression, the AREDS formulation reduced progression to advanced AMD vs. placebo.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11594942/ PubMed
176. CoQ10 (as part of an oral combo with Acetyl-L-Carnitine & omega-3) – In early AMD, this randomized, double-blind trial found the combination improved visual function and reduced drusen area vs. placebo.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15947501/ PubMed
177. Grape Seed Extract (proanthocyanidins) – In non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, a year of oral GSPE improved retinal hard exudates compared with control.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31124931/ PubMed
178. Selenium – In mild Graves’ orbitopathy (thyroid eye disease), a randomized, double-blind trial showed selenium improved quality of life, reduced ocular involvement, and slowed disease progression.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21591944/ PubMed
179. Vitamin A (Palmitate) – In vitamin A-deficient pregnant women, randomized trials found vitamin A reduced night blindness (a vision symptom) vs. control.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9732305/
🌿 Quality of Life / Lifestyle Support
🧑🤝🧑 Sexual Health & Fertility
Supports reproductive health, sperm and egg quality, and sexual function through clinically studied nutrients that reduce oxidative stress, improve circulation, and optimize fertility parameters.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
Fertility and sexual performance depend on multiple factors: healthy sperm and egg function, balanced hormones, strong antioxidant defenses, and good blood flow. Over time, oxidative stress, poor diet, and nutrient deficiencies can impair these systems — leading to reduced motility, lower conception rates, or erectile challenges. Clinical research shows that key nutrients like selenium, CoQ10, L-carnitine, L-citrulline, antioxidants (vitamins C & E, alpha-lipoic acid), and myo-inositol support fertility outcomes in men and women and help maintain sexual vitality at every stage of life.
<
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
180. Selenium – Helps support normal sperm motility and fertility parameters (especially when selenium status is low).
Research / Citation: Randomized trial in subfertile men showed selenium improved sperm motility and conception rates. Scott et al., Br J Urol, 1998 (PMID: 9698665).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9698665/
181. Coenzyme Q10 (Ubiquinone) – Supports healthy sperm motility and semen quality.
Research / Citation: Meta-analysis found CoQ10 improves sperm concentration and motility in infertile men. Lafuente et al., J Assist Reprod Genet, 2013 (PMID: 23912751).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23912751/
182. L-Carnitine (± Acetyl-L-Carnitine) – Helps maintain healthy sperm motility in idiopathic male infertility.
Research / Citation: Double-blind RCT showed combined L-carnitine + ALCAR improved motility. Lenzi et al., Fertil Steril, 2004 (PMID: 15193480).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15193480/
183. Nitrosigine® (inositol-stabilized arginine silicate) – Supports healthy circulation (endothelial function/flow-mediated dilation), a factor in sexual function.
Research / Citation: Randomized, double-blind studies showed acute improvements in flow-mediated dilation. Kalman et al., Fed Pract, 2016 (PMCID: PMC5133120).
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5133120/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
184. Pomegranate (juice/extract) – Supports erectile function via vascular/endothelial mechanisms.
Research / Citation: Placebo-controlled RCT in men with mild–moderate ED. Forest et al., Int J Impot Res, 2007 (PMID: 17568759).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17568759/
185. Vitamin C + Vitamin E – Help maintain sperm DNA integrity (lower DNA fragmentation) in men with high baseline damage.
Research / Citation: Randomized, placebo-controlled trial reduced sperm DNA fragmentation. Greco et al., J Androl, 2005 (PMID: 15867002).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15867002/
186. Vitamin E (d-alpha-tocopherol) – Antioxidant support for sperm function under oxidative stress.
Research / Citation: Double-blind randomized cross-over trial improved an in-vitro sperm function test (zona binding). Kessopoulou et al., Fertil Steril, 1995 (PMID: 7672157).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7672157/
187. Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) – Supports semen quality under oxidative stress.
Research / Citation: Triple-blind, placebo-controlled RCT improved semen parameters and oxidative stress markers in infertile men. Haghighian et al., Fertil Steril, 2015 (PMID: 26051095).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26051095/
188. Myo-Inositol – Supports female reproductive outcomes in PCOS (ovulatory function/oocyte quality), which can impact couple fertility.
Research / Citation: Clinical studies show improved ovarian function and/or ART parameters in PCOS. Papaleo et al., Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2007 (PMID: 17952759).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17952759/
189. L-Citrulline – Randomized study in men with mild ED: improved erection hardness vs. placebo after one month.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21195829/
🧪 Testosterone & Hormonal Balance
Supports healthy testosterone levels, hormone balance, and vitality in men.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
Testosterone naturally declines with age, which can affect energy, muscle strength, mood, and sexual health. Certain nutrients act as cofactors or regulators that help support normal testosterone production and balance.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
190. Zinc (Zinc Gluconate) – Required for testosterone production and reproductive health
Citation: RCT: Zinc supplementation increased testosterone levels in men with deficiency.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8875519/
191. Boron (Boron glycinate) – Helps increase free testosterone and reduce SHBG (sex hormone-binding globulin)
Citation: RCT: Boron supplementation raised free testosterone and lowered SHBG in healthy men.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21129941/
192. Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) – Low vitamin D is linked to low testosterone; supplementation improves levels
Citation: RCT: Vitamin D supplementation increased total testosterone in deficient men.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21154195/
193. Magnesium (di-magnesium malate) – Supports free and total testosterone, especially with exercise
Citation: RCT: Magnesium supplementation increased testosterone in active and sedentary men.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20352370/
✋ Tingling & Numbness (Hands & Feet)
Supports nerve health and circulation to help reduce occasional tingling or “pins and needles” sensations.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
Tingling or numbness in the hands and feet is often related to nerve function and blood flow. Nutrients like B12, B6, Magnesium, and Alpha-Lipoic Acid help protect nerves, support healthy circulation, and maintain normal sensation.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
194. Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin) – Supports healthy nerve function and myelin integrity; benefit shown in deficient/diabetic neuropathy.
Research / Citation: 12-month randomized, placebo-controlled trial: oral methylcobalamin (1,000 µg/day) improved neurophysiological measures and pain scores in diabetic neuropathy.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7912007/
195. Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) – Supports nerve energy metabolism; helps maintain nerve conduction and symptoms.
Research / Citation: Multicenter double-blind RCT: ALC (500 mg TID) was as effective as methylcobalamin for improving clinical symptoms and neurophysiology over 24 weeks in diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27180954/
196. Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) – Antioxidant support for nerves; has been studied for neuropathic symptom relief.
Research / Citation: Review of randomized, placebo-controlled trials: ALA (especially 600 mg IV for 3 weeks) produced significant, clinically relevant decreases in neuropathic pain and symptoms.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3272801/
197. Coenzyme Q10 (Ubiquinone) – Supports nerve bioenergetics and oxidative balance; human trial shows symptom and conduction benefits.
Research / Citation: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (12 weeks): ubiquinone (400 mg/day) improved clinical outcomes and nerve conduction in diabetic polyneuropathy.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22595020/
198. Myo-Inositol – Supports healthy nerve signaling; early clinical data show electrophysiologic improvement.
Research / Citation: Clinical study in diabetic neuropathy: myo-inositol (500 mg BID, 2 weeks) increased sensory nerve action potential amplitudes in median, sural, and popliteal nerves.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/82784/
199. Magnesium (di-magnesium malate) – Supports normal nerve function and regeneration processes (mechanistic/clinical-adjacent evidence).
Research / Citation: Peer-reviewed overview of magnesium’s role in peripheral nerve regeneration and neurophysiology.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8385315/
🦵 Joint Aches & Stiffness
Supports joint comfort and mobility by easing inflammation and protecting cartilage.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
Joint aches and stiffness often reflect inflammatory activity and cartilage stress. Certain nutrients have clinical evidence for improving pain, stiffness, and/or function in human trials.
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
204. CoQ10 (Ubiquinone) – Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in rheumatoid arthritis: 100 mg/day for 8 weeks improved disease activity (DAS-28) and reduced pain/tender joint counts vs. placebo.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31392559/ PubMed
205. Pomegranate (Juice/Polyphenols) – Randomized, placebo-controlled trial in knee osteoarthritis: pomegranate juice improved physical function and stiffness and favorably affected cartilage-breakdown enzymes over 6 weeks.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26804926/ PubMed
206. Boron (evidence form: calcium fructoborate) – Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in adults with knee discomfort: calcium fructoborate significantly improved WOMAC and McGill pain scores within 1–2 weeks.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24940052/
All of these claims are based on peer-reviewed research on individual ingredients; the finished product has not been studied as a whole. Results vary. These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
🦵 Leg Cramps & Muscle Tightness
Supports muscle comfort, relaxation, and recovery by improving mineral balance and neuromuscular function.
ℹ️ Why It Matters
Leg cramps and tightness can stem from imbalances in minerals or impaired neuromuscular signaling. Human trials show that select nutrients—vitamin K2, magnesium, and B-vitamins—can reduce nocturnal leg cramps in specific populations, while taurine can lessen exercise-related muscle soreness (a form of tightness).
Evidence-Supported Nutrients
200. Vitamin K2 (MK-7) – In older adults with nocturnal leg cramps, vitamin K2 significantly reduced cramp frequency, intensity, and duration in a randomized, double-blind trial.
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2825457
201. Magnesium (oral) – A 60-day randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of magnesium oxide monohydrateshowed a greater reduction in nocturnal leg cramp episodes and duration vs placebo.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34719399/
202. Vitamin B-complex (B1, B6, B12 + riboflavin) – Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in elderly patients found significant reductions in cramp frequency, duration, and intensity with a B-complex formula.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11301568/
203. Taurine – Randomized controlled trial in healthy men showed reduced delayed-onset muscle soreness after eccentric exercise, supporting relief of muscle tightness post-activity.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25833543/
