Cholesterol

See The Top Cholesterol Supported Nutrients in Tikva

1 Citrus Bergamot

Citrus bergamot has shown significant benefits for cholesterol and triglyceride management, with 75% of studies reporting notable reductions.

Total cholesterol decreased by 12.3% to 31.3%
LDL cholesterol by 7.6% to 40.8%
triglycerides by 11.5% to 39.5%
Additionally, eight clinical trials documented increases in HDL (“good”) cholesterol by up to 40% following bergamot supplementation. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31670973/

Efficacy of Citrus Bergamot Extract:
- A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of Citrus bergamot extract for managing cholesterol and lipid metabolism.
- Results showed significant reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides while increasing HDL cholesterol levels.
- The active phytochemicals in bergamot, such as flavonoids, are responsible for its lipid-lowering effects.
- Source: PMC NIH

Mechanism of Action:
- Bergamot polyphenols have been shown to inhibit cholesterol synthesis and enhance LDL receptor activity, improving cholesterol clearance from the bloodstream.
Lipid and Glucose Metabolism:
- Clinical studies indicate that bergamot not only reduces cholesterol but also positively affects glucose metabolism, suggesting its use for metabolic syndrome management.
Combination Therapy:
- When used with statins, bergamot extract enhances lipid-lowering effects and reduces potential side effects associated with higher statin doses.
Safety and Tolerability:
- Trials report high safety and tolerability of bergamot extract, making it a viable option for long-term use in hyperlipidemia management

2 Nitrosigine (Patented L-Arginine)

In a study on L-arginine and its effects on lipid profiles, scientists observed a significant increase in HDL (good) cholesterol. The LDL to HDL ratio improved significantly as well. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

L-arginine and Endothelial Function:
- L-arginine supplementation improves endothelial nitric oxide production, enhancing vascular health and potentially affecting cholesterol metabolism.
- Some trials noted improved lipid profiles, including reduced LDL and increased HDL levels, though effects on sd-LDL were less directly studied.
- Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology
SD-LDL Implications:
- Studies indicate that L-arginine may shift LDL particles towards larger, less dense subfractions, indirectly reducing the atherogenicity of sd-LDL.
- Research highlights a reduction in oxidative stress, which benefits sd-LDL particles by reducing their susceptibility to oxidation.
- Source: ScienceDirect
L-arginine in Combination Therapies:
- When combined with other lipid-lowering agents, L-arginine showed synergistic effects in improving lipid profiles and reducing inflammatory markers associated with sd-LDL.
- Source: SpringerLink
Mechanism of Action:
- Nitric oxide, synthesized from L-arginine, has a protective role against atherosclerosis by improving endothelial function and reducing lipid oxidation, which includes effects on sd-LDL particles.
- Source: Journal of Molecular Medicine

3 Coenzyme Q10

Several studies on CoQ10 supplementation show that it significantly increases HDL levels even in people taking statins, and may help to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. It was shown to lower inflammatory biomarkers like high C-reactive proteins.

Patients with low CoQ10 levels had more tissue damage to their hearts during heart attacks and strokes, showing that CoQ10 acts a protective device for the heart. https://www.clevelandheartlab.com

Impact of CoQ10 on Cholesterol Management:
- Research highlights the role of CoQ10 in reducing LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels, improving overall cardiovascular health.
- CoQ10 supplementation is particularly beneficial for patients on statins, helping to mitigate statin-induced reductions in CoQ10 levels.
- Source: MDPI Journal
Effects on Mitochondrial Function:
- Studies indicate that CoQ10 helps improve mitochondrial health, essential for reducing oxidative stress and managing cholesterol metabolism.
- Source: Springer
CoQ10 in Statin Users:
- Trials have shown that CoQ10 supplementation alleviates statin-related muscle symptoms and may help maintain a better lipid profile.
- Source: Hepatology Communications
Role in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention:
- Clinical evidence suggests CoQ10 may enhance cholesterol clearance mechanisms, reducing the risk of atherosclerosis.
- Source: Scientific Reports

Mechanisms of Action:

CoQ10 is a potent antioxidant that protects lipids and proteins from oxidative damage.
It enhances mitochondrial function and supports the activity of enzymes involved in cholesterol metabolism.
CoQ10 reduces LDL cholesterol oxidation, a critical step in atherogenesis.

4 Pomegranate

With nearly three times as many antioxidants as green tea or red wine, pomegranate is an antioxidant powerhouse!

Antioxidants are thought to provide several heart-protecting benefits, including reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL, or “bad”) cholesterol. [4]

Pomegranate Juice and LDL Oxidation:
- A study found that pomegranate juice consumption significantly reduced LDL oxidation and platelet aggregation, showing potential benefits for cardiovascular health.
- Source: ScienceDirect
Pomegranate’s Hypolipidemic Effects:
- Reviews of preclinical and clinical studies highlight the role of pomegranate in lowering cholesterol, possibly through inhibition of cholesterol absorption and enhancement of reverse cholesterol transport.
- Source: Food Chemistry
Clinical Relevance of Phytochemicals:
- Pomegranate juice, as part of a Mediterranean diet, has been linked to improved antioxidant activity and lipid profiles in patients at risk of cardiovascular diseases.
- Source: Journal of Medicinal Foods

Clinical Trials on SD-LDL

Impact of Diet and SD-LDL:
- A clinical investigation into the effects of Pomegranate juice and specific diets found improvements in LDL particle size and reductions in sd-LDL cholesterol.
- Source: Iranian Journal of Medical Laboratory
Paraoxonase-1 and Atherosclerosis:
- Studies identified sd-LDL as a key player in atherosclerosis, highlighting that pomegranate’s antioxidant properties could mitigate its effects.
- Source: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
Mediterranean Diet Synergy:
- Incorporating pomegranate juice into a Mediterranean diet increased paraoxonase activity, potentially lowering sd-LDL oxidative damage.
- Source: Cor et Vasa

5 Flax Seed Powder

More like Flax Seed Power!

Based on the beneficial effects of flaxseed on cardiovascular risk factors, flaxseed consumption can be considered useful for reducing lipid profiles. In fact…

In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial participants with unhealthy cholesterol levels were randomly allocated to a flaxseed powder group and placebo group, and…

Researchers found a significant reduction in lipid profiles (triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) within flaxseed group in comparison with the placebo group. [5]

Reduction in sd-LDL Levels:
- A randomized, double-blind, crossover study showed that flaxseed oil significantly reduced serum sd-LDL cholesterol levels in men. The study attributes this to the omega-3 fatty acids present in flaxseed.
- Source: Springer
Improvements in Lipid Profiles:
- Flaxseed consumption as part of a healthy diet improved endothelial function and reduced LDL cholesterol. It also lowered the concentration of sd-LDL cholesterol.
- Source: LWW Journals
Meta-Analyses Highlight Benefits:
- A review of clinical trials confirmed the benefits of flaxseed in reducing sd-LDL levels while improving total cholesterol and triglycerides. The anti-inflammatory properties of flaxseed also contributed to cardiovascular health improvements.
- Source: SpringerLink
Mechanism of Action:
- Flaxseed’s high content of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and lignans helps reduce oxidative stress, which is critical for reducing the harmful effects of sd-LDL.
- Source: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
Combination with Other Nutrients:
- Studies suggest that combining flaxseed with ginger or other phytochemicals may enhance its cholesterol-lowering properties, including reductions in sd-LDL concentrations.
- Source: ResearchGate
Effect in Diabetic Populations:
- Flaxseed showed promise in reducing cholesterol levels, including sd-LDL, in type 2 diabetes patients. This effect was attributed to its role in improving lipid metabolism.
- Source: Wiley Online Library
Flaxseed Lignans and Lipid Profiles:
- Lignan-rich flaxseed preparations reduced sd-LDL levels and promoted larger, less atherogenic LDL particles in clinical settings.
- Source: NCBI

6 L-Carnitine

L-carnitine can reduce oxidized LDL cholesterol levels and **especially**(one ‘l’) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

**Research**(Researchers) conducted a study to evaluate the efficacy of L-carnitine on the reduction of LDL cholesterol in patients with type 2 diabetes, and..

At the end of the study, the L-carnitine-treated patients showed significant improvements compared with the placebo group. [6]

Reduction of sd-LDL Levels:
- A study focused on type 2 diabetes patients treated with simvastatin showed that L-carnitine supplementation reduced sd-LDL levels. It also improved LDL particle size, making them less atherogenic.
- Source: Metabolism Journal
Improvement in Lipid Profiles:
- Research indicates that L-carnitine supplementation positively influences total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL levels. The effect extends to reducing the concentration of sd-LDL.
- Source: Pakistan Journal of Physiology
Role in Metabolic Syndrome:
- L-carnitine has been shown to alter lipid metabolism, potentially decreasing sd-LDL cholesterol. This is particularly effective in patients with metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
- Source: MDPI International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Synergistic Effects:
- When combined with dietary and pharmacological interventions, L-carnitine supplementation enhanced lipid metabolism and reduced sd-LDL-associated oxidative stress.
- Source: Circulation Research
Mechanisms of Action:
- L-carnitine helps in lipid oxidation and promotes the clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. It indirectly reduces sd-LDL levels and enhances LDL particle size distribution.
- Source: SpringerLink
Effectiveness in Cardiovascular Disease:
- Trials show that L-carnitine mitigates atherogenic risks by reducing sd-LDL and improving overall lipid profiles in patients with cardiovascular conditions.
- Source: Karger CardioRenal Medicine

7 L-Taurine

A 2014 study showed that taurine helped slow the progression of atherosclerosis in animals which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, such as strokes, and…

A 2017 study investigated the effects of taurine supplements and exercise in people with heart failure.

People who exercised before and after taking taurine for 2 weeks showed lower levels of blood cholesterol and inflammation. [7]

L-Taurine has been shown to improve lipid profiles by lowering LDL cholesterol and triglycerides while increasing HDL cholesterol.
Animal and clinical studies suggest that taurine can reduce sd-LDL levels and improve its particle size distribution, reducing its atherogenicity.
Source: PubMed

8 Alpha Lipoic Acid

High blood cholesterol is a major cardiovascular disease risk factor and is responsive to diet and lifestyle.

Lowering total blood cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides and raising HDL (good cholesterol) levels is the most desirable state for protection against CVD, but can be difficult to achieve through diet and exercise alone.

There is emerging evidence of reduced LDL (bad cholesterol) and triglycerides and increased HDL (good cholesterol), by alpha lipoic acid when used alone or in combination with other dietary supplements. And, ALA may be an effective strategy to reduce cardiovascular disease risk. [8]

Reduction in sd-LDL Levels:
- Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA) supplementation has been shown to lower sd-LDL cholesterol levels through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It also reduces the oxidation of LDL particles, which is crucial for mitigating cardiovascular risks.
- Source: Wiley Online Library
Impact on Lipid Profiles:
- A clinical study demonstrated that ALA improves the overall lipid profile, including reducing total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides while increasing HDL cholesterol.
- Source: Springer
Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Mechanisms:
- ALA’s ability to reduce oxidative stress enhances its protective effects on sd-LDL by limiting its atherogenicity and preventing arterial plaque formation.
- Source: ScienceDirect
Cardiovascular Benefits in Metabolic Syndrome:
- In patients with metabolic syndrome, ALA supplementation led to a decrease in sd-LDL concentrations and reduced systemic inflammation, improving vascular health.
- Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology
Synergistic Effects with Other Interventions:
- Combining ALA with omega-3 fatty acids or other nutraceuticals enhanced its lipid-lowering effects, including reductions in sd-LDL and oxidative markers.
- Source: MDPI
Clinical Evidence in Diabetic Populations:
- In diabetic patients, ALA supplementation reduced lipid peroxidation and improved cholesterol subfractions, including a decrease in sd-LDL levels.
- Source: PubMed Central
Improvement in LDL Particle Size:
- ALA has been shown to shift LDL particles from smaller, denser subfractions (sd-LDL) to larger, less atherogenic forms, reducing cardiovascular risk.
- Source: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
Effectiveness in Obesity-related Dyslipidemia:
- ALA improved lipid parameters in obese individuals by reducing sd-LDL levels and triglycerides, showing promise as part of an integrated approach to manage dyslipidemia.
- Source: Nature

9 Inositol

Inositol significantly decreases triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels, and…

In a meta-analysis of multiple studies on people with metabolic syndrome (Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that occur together, increasing your risk of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes).

These conditions include increased blood pressure, high blood sugar, excess body fat around the waist, and abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels.

Those in the studied who used Inositol significantly decreased their triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels. [9]

Reduction in sd-LDL and Atherogenic Risk:
- Clinical trials suggest that inositol-enriched formulations can reduce sd-LDL levels and improve overall lipid profiles in patients with metabolic syndrome.
- Results indicate a significant reduction in atherogenic sd-LDL particles and increased HDL levels.
- Source: SpringerLink
Combination Therapy for Cardiovascular Health:
- Inositol, when combined with other nutraceuticals such as omega-3 fatty acids, has shown an additive effect in reducing sd-LDL concentrations.
- These formulations have demonstrated efficacy in improving LDL particle size and reducing lipid peroxidation.
- Source: Lipids in Health and Disease
Role in Metabolic Disorders:
- Myo-inositol supplementation has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles, including reductions in sd-LDL levels in patients with metabolic syndrome and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
- Source: PubMed
Mechanisms of Action:
- Inositol works by modulating phosphatidylinositol signaling pathways, reducing LDL cholesterol and triglyceride synthesis, while promoting HDL cholesterol production.
- Source: Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
Improved HDL Functionality:
- Studies have observed improvements in HDL functionality and cholesterol efflux capacity, which indirectly reduces sd-LDL’s harmful effects.
- Source: Current Opinion in Lipidology
Lipid and Glucose Control:
- Inositol-based therapies have been particularly effective in patients with type 2 diabetes, improving both glucose and lipid metabolism, including a decrease in sd-LDL levels.
- Source: Clinical Endocrinology

10 Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)

A double-blinded randomized trial following 216 men and women with high LDL “bad” cholesterol and triglycerides were given supplements of 400 mg of Pantothenic Acid daily for 8 weeks.

After 8 weeks, they had a 33% reduction in triglycerides compared with baseline levels. Total cholesterol also decreased, and HDL cholesterol increased from baseline. [10]

In several large dose studies, researchers found significant improvements in cholesterol and triglycerides levels. They observed a decrease in total cholesterol of 12%, HDL (good) cholesterol increase by 17%, LDL (bad) cholesterol decreased between 4-20%, and triglycerides decreased by 14%

https://www.verywellhealth.com

11 Vitamin B12

Three independent clinical studies showed that low vitamin B12 status was associated with higher total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and cholesterol-to-HDL ratio. [11]

Vitamin B12 Deficiency and sd-LDL:
- Studies indicate that Vitamin B12 deficiency may correlate with elevated sd-LDL cholesterol levels. This association is due to impaired lipid metabolism and increased oxidative stress, which are more prominent in individuals with low B12 levels.
- Source: Biomedicines, 2021
Vitamin B12 and Atherogenic Lipoproteins:
- Research highlights the potential of Vitamin B12 supplementation in reducing homocysteine levels, a marker associated with increased cardiovascular risk and sd-LDL prevalence.
- Source: Clinical Chemistry, 2006
Role in Metabolic Pathways:
- Vitamin B12 supports the metabolism of fatty acids and cholesterol. A deficiency may exacerbate atherogenic lipid profiles, including a shift towards smaller, denser LDL particles.
- Source: Clinical Lipidology, 2015
Impact on Cardiovascular Health:
- In populations with cardiovascular disease or diabetes, low B12 levels are often linked with higher levels of sd-LDL cholesterol, though direct clinical trials on supplementation are limited.
- Source: Atherosclerosis Supplements, 2011

12 Vitamin C

Supplementation with vitamin C, for a minimum of 4 weeks, can result in a significant decrease in LDL cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. [12]

13 Vitamin D

Vitamin D supplementation appears to have a beneficial effect on reducing total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. [13]

14 Chromium

In a study of chromium, researchers found that levels of total cholesterol, and LDL (bad cholesterol) decreased significantly while the subjects were ingesting chromium picolinate.

The HDL (good cholesterol) level was elevated slightly, and these observations show that chromium picolinate is efficacious in lowering blood lipids in humans. [14]

Chromium and Lipid Metabolism:
- Chromium supplementation has shown potential in improving lipid profiles by reducing total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol while increasing HDL cholesterol levels.
- In some studies, it also influenced sd-LDL, reducing its concentration and thus potentially lowering cardiovascular risk.
- Source: Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology
Combination Therapy:
- Adding chromium to other lipid-lowering interventions, such as statins, demonstrated additive benefits in managing LDL particle size, including a shift away from sd-LDL.
- Source: SpringerLink
Chromium in Metabolic Syndrome:
- Studies found that chromium reduces markers of oxidative stress and inflammation while improving lipid parameters. This has implications for decreasing the atherogenic potential of sd-LDL.
- Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology
Safety and Efficacy:
- Most clinical trials affirm the safety of chromium supplementation at recommended doses, but its effectiveness can vary based on individual metabolic conditions.
- Source: PubMed Central

Highlights Related to SD-LDL:

Chromium appears to indirectly impact sd-LDL by reducing overall LDL cholesterol and shifting LDL particles toward larger, less dense subtypes.
This shift is beneficial as sd-LDL is more atherogenic and prone to oxidative damage compared to larger LDL particles.

15 Zinc

In a meta-analysis on the effects of Zinc supplementation on cholesterol it was found that Zinc supplementation significantly reduced total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, and…

May have the potential to reduce the incidence of atherosclerosis related morbidity and mortality. [15]

Zinc and LDL Oxidation:
- Zinc supplementation reduces oxidative stress on LDL particles, including sd-LDL, thereby lowering their atherogenic potential.
- It supports antioxidant enzyme activity, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), which can mitigate LDL oxidation.
- Source: SpringerLink
Improvement in Lipid Profiles:
- Clinical trials suggest that zinc supplementation can lower LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol levels while promoting HDL cholesterol. Effects on sd-LDL are primarily linked to reduced oxidative stress and improved lipid metabolism.
- Source: Nutrition Research Reviews
Impact on sd-LDL and Cardiovascular Risk:
- Zinc appears to reduce the concentration of sd-LDL particles in individuals with metabolic syndrome. This is achieved by modulating inflammation and improving insulin sensitivity.
- Source: Journal of Atherosclerosis
Role in Metabolic Disorders:
- Zinc’s role in glucose and lipid metabolism extends to improving cardiovascular markers in type 2 diabetes patients. It indirectly affects sd-LDL by altering overall lipid particle profiles.
- Source: MDPI
Combined Effects with Selenium:
- A study found that a combination of zinc and selenium supplementation improved cholesterol levels and reduced the inflammatory markers associated with sd-LDL.
- Source: ScienceDirect
Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Mechanisms:
- Zinc’s ability to reduce systemic inflammation plays a crucial role in decreasing sd-LDL levels. Lower inflammation means less oxidative modification of sd-LDL, reducing its harmful cardiovascular effects.
- Source: PubMed Central
Zinc and Atherogenic Lipoproteins:
- By stabilizing membranes and reducing oxidative stress, zinc indirectly improves LDL particle size distribution, favoring a shift away from sd-LDL towards larger, less dense LDL particles.
- Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology

16 Vitamin B3 (Niacinamide)

Niacin is a B vitamin that your body uses to turn food into energy. It helps to keep your nervous system, digestive system and your skin healthy.

Niacin in large doses has been shown to lower triglycerides by as much as 25% and increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol by more than 30%.

Lipid Profile Improvement with Niacin:
- Clinical trials consistently show that niacin significantly increases HDL cholesterol (good cholesterol) while lowering LDL cholesterol (bad cholesterol) and triglycerides.
- Source: Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
Niacin in Cardiovascular Risk Management:
- A systematic review and meta-analysis highlight niacin’s ability to reduce cardiovascular events through its effects on cholesterol levels, particularly in high-risk populations.
- Source: JAMA Network Open
Combination Therapy:
- Niacin, when combined with statins, enhances lipid-modifying effects.
- Source: New England Journal of Medicine
Effectiveness in Hypercholesterolemia:
- Niacin has proven effective in managing hypercholesterolemia, especially in patients with low HDL cholesterol, by enhancing reverse cholesterol transport mechanisms.
- Source: International Journal of Clinical Research
Oxidative Stress Reduction:
- Studies suggest niacin reduces oxidative stress in patients with low HDL cholesterol and high LDL cholesterol, contributing to improved vascular health.
- Source: American Journal of Cardiology
Long-Term Benefits:
- Long-term niacin use is associated with reduced coronary artery disease progression and enhanced cholesterol efflux capacity.
- Source: Springer

17 Magnesium

Magnesium and Lipid Profiles:
- Magnesium supplementation has been shown to improve lipid profiles by increasing HDL cholesterol and reducing LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Studies suggest that this may also positively influence sd-LDL by improving lipid metabolism and reducing oxidative stress.
- Source: SpringerLink
Protective Role in LDL Oxidation:
- Magnesium acts as a cofactor for enzymes involved in antioxidant defense, reducing the oxidative modification of LDL particles, including sd-LDL. This helps decrease their atherogenic potential.
- Source: Clinica Chimica Acta
Impact on sd-LDL Levels:
- Magnesium supplementation has been linked to reduced concentrations of sd-LDL in patients with metabolic syndrome. This is attributed to its role in reducing systemic inflammation and improving endothelial function.
- Source: Journal of Atherosclerosis
Mechanisms of Action:
- Magnesium enhances insulin sensitivity, which indirectly reduces sd-LDL levels by improving lipid metabolism and glucose handling. This is particularly beneficial in patients with insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes.
- Source: MDPI Nutrients
Combination with Other Nutrients:
- When combined with other antioxidants or lipid-lowering agents, magnesium shows a synergistic effect, further reducing sd-LDL levels and overall cardiovascular risk.
- Source: Frontiers in Nutrition
Clinical Trials in Cardiovascular Risk Reduction:
- Clinical studies have demonstrated magnesium’s potential to reduce cardiovascular risks by targeting markers such as sd-LDL, lipid peroxidation, and inflammation.
- Source: Journal of Lipid Research

18 Selenium

- Selenium has potent antioxidant properties that protect LDL particles, including sd-LDL, from oxidative damage. Reduced oxidative stress can lower atherogenic risk.
- In clinical trials, selenium supplementation showed modest improvements in LDL cholesterol and reductions in sd-LDL levels, particularly in populations with metabolic disorders.
- Source: Springer

19 Copper

- Copper deficiency is linked to altered cholesterol metabolism and higher oxidative stress. Adequate copper levels may reduce LDL oxidation, indirectly benefiting sd-LDL levels.
- Copper is essential for the function of enzymes like superoxide dismutase, which reduces oxidative stress on cholesterol particles.
- Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology

20 Betaine

- Betaine plays a role in homocysteine metabolism, reducing elevated homocysteine levels—a cardiovascular risk factor associated with sd-LDL cholesterol.
- It improves liver lipid metabolism, which can positively affect cholesterol profiles, including reductions in LDL and sd-LDL.
- Source: Clinical Nutrition

21 Boron

Thirteen healthy women consumed diets higher in boron than their routine diet for one month.

When their boron concentrations increased, significant changes were found and their LDL, VLDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels decreased significantly.[16]

[1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31670973/
[2] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4577515/
[3] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30296936/
[4] https://www.drugs.com/mcf/pomegranate-juice-can-it-lower-cholesterol
[5] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6941378/
[6] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19056606/
[7] https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326714#benefits-and-risks
[8] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22607646/
[9] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5968598/
[10] https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/pantothenic-acid-vitamin-b5/
[11] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25763114/
[12] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2682928/
[13] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31407792/
[14] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1002252/
[15] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4523910/
[16] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31109611/